IT Certification Blog & Resources
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Spanning tree protocol stops switching loops by blocking redundant links. Root bridge election, BPDUs, port states, RSTP vs MSTP, and a three-switch lab you can build tonight.
The FortiGate default password is admin with no password, but that changed in FortiOS 7.6.5. Get the default IP, factory reset steps and recovery by version.
A VLAN separates at Layer 2, a subnet at Layer 3. Learn when you need each, how they pair, and how to tell which one broke, with CLI output and a lab.
The three private IP address ranges, all five IP address classes, and the four addresses that look private but aren't. Tables, traps and 15 practice questions.
A VLAN splits one physical switch into separate networks. Learn VLAN types, 802.1Q tagging, native VLAN and the Cisco commands, with a lab you can boot.
EVE-NG v7 ships as one ISO with a free 7-node tier. Here's how to install it on VMware, ESXi, Proxmox or bare metal, and the settings that break most installs.
EVE-NG won't boot or nodes stay red? Learn how to disable Hyper-V, fix VT-x errors, and repair image permissions with exact commands. Windows 11 24H2 tested.
Four Cisco ASA models lose all support on 2026-08-31. Which ones, what replaces them, and what to do if you can't migrate before the date.
Build a network engineer home lab in one weekend. Real 2026 hardware costs, emulator node limits, three starter topologies, and what you can safely skip.
A home lab is your own IT sandbox for hands-on practice. What it is, what it really costs in 2026, and how to build one that matches your cert exam.
CML Free runs 5 nodes. Personal is $199 for 20, Personal Plus $349 for 40, and neither expands. Every price and limit, verified against Cisco's own docs.
